| Result of Heating (Observations) |
What the results mean |
| No residue left (test tube is empty) |
No metal is present (if a residue is left, it may contain a metal) |
| Carbon dioxide gas is produced |
Carbonate is present |
| Oxygen gas produced |
Substance contains oxygen; substance may be a metal oxide or nitrate |
| Ammonia gas produced |
Ammonium salt is present |
| Solid changes colour from green to black |
Solid is copper (II) carbonate |
| Solid changes colour from white to yellow when hot and back to white on cooling |
Yellow solid is zinc oxide |
| Colourless drops of liquid condensed on cool walls of test tube |
Water of crystallisation is present |
